Antibiotics Archive
-
Animation of Antimicrobial Resistance
Posted on February 5, 2011 | No CommentsRating 4.00 out of 5 Number of Views : 3308This animation gives all information about antimicrobial resistance. Resistance of bacteria towards antibiotics is a major hurdle in treating infectious diseases. It basically means that the bacteria become resistant or stronger against the antimicrobial agent and therefore do not die when treated with the antibiotic drug. This animation highlights the mechanisms... -
Animation of Synthesis of Peptidoglycan Layer
Posted on March 20, 2011 | No CommentsPeptidoglycan is a polymer consisting of amino acids (peptido-) and sugars (-glycans) which coats the plasma membrane of bacteria to form a mesh-like layer outside it, forming the cell wall. -
Mechanism of Action of Penicillin
Posted on April 28, 2011 | 2 CommentsPenicillin is the earliest antibiotic drug which was made to prevent bacterial infections. The beta-lactam ring of the penicillin is generally not very stable and therefore it participates in the inactivation of bacterial cell enzyme - transpeptidase, which is essential for synthesis of peptidoglycan. -
Mechanism of Action of Vancomycin
Posted on April 30, 2011 | No CommentsVancomycin is an antibiotic drug which is structurally classified as a glycopeptide. It mainly acts by prevention of cell-wall biosynthesis of bacteria. -
Mechanism of Action of Quinolones and Fluoroquinolones
Posted on May 10, 2011 | 2 CommentsQuinolones and fluoroquinolones inhibit bacterial DNA replication by the inhibition of enzyme DNA gyrase (or DNA topoisomerase). -
Mechanism of Action of Tetrahydrofolate Synthesis Inhibitors – Sulfonamides and Diaminopyrimidines
Posted on May 10, 2011 | No CommentsTetrahydrofolate is required by bacteria to produce thymidine which is needed for DNA and RNA biosynthesis. Sulfonamides and diaminopyridines kill bacteria by blocking the synthesis of the essential tetrahydrofolate. -
Mechanism of Translation of mRNA by tRNA in Ribosomes
Posted on May 13, 2011 | No CommentsTranslation of mRNA is done by the ribosomes which decodes the mRNA sequence and fits the appropriate transfer RNA (tRNA) which contains the appropriate amino acid attached to it. -
Mechanism of Action of Aminoglycosides
Posted on May 19, 2011 | No CommentsAminoglycosides inhibit bacterial growth via 2 pathways: (1) Interfering with Translation by causing a Misreading of the Codons along the mRNA (2)Interfering with the translocation of tRNA from the A-Site to the P-Site -
Mechanism of Action of Tetracyclines
Posted on May 27, 2011 | No CommentsTetracyclines act by binding to the 30S subunit of the ribosome at the A-site thereby inhibiting protein biosynthesis and killing the bacteria. -
Mechanism of Action of Macrolides
Posted on June 6, 2011 | No CommentsAlthough the exact mechanism of action of macrolides is not clear, it has been hypothesized that macrolides show their action by blocking protein synthesis in bacteria in the following ways: 1) Preventing the Transfer of the Peptidyl tRNA from the A-site to the P-site. 2) Promotion of Peptidal tRNA Dissociation. 3) Blocking Peptidyl Transferase. 4) Preventing Ribosomal Assembly -
Mechanism of Action of Oxazolidinones
Posted on June 7, 2011 | No CommentsThe oxazolidinones (linezolid) bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit and interfere with its binding to the initiation complex thereby preventing biosynthesis of proteins in bacteria and killing the bacteria.